Probably The Best Explanation I've Seen Of How Our Banking System Works
It's called fractional reserve banking. From The Cobden Centre
- Person ‘A’ deposits $100 of cash into his instant-access bank account.
- At this point, he signs over property rights to the bank – the bank gives him a promise to return on demand
- The bank retains a small reserve (say $3), and lends out $97 to Person ‘B’
- Both ‘A’ and ‘B’ both have a claim to instant access on this money.
- In one move, the bank has turned $100 into £197 of useable money
- ‘B’ buys a Widget from WidgeCo for $97
- WidgeCo deposits the $97 with his bank ‘Z’.
- Bank ‘Z’ now lends out around $94 to person ‘C’ keeping just under $3 as a ‘reserve’
- Person ‘C’ borrows to buy computer, and pays $94 to ‘D’
- Money supply has started its process of mushrooming:
- ‘A’ Has the right to $100
- ‘B’ has spent his claim to $97, and owns a widget
- WidgeCo has a claim to $97
- ‘C’ Has spent $94 and owns a computer
- ‘D’ has a claim to $94
- This process continues until there is no more money to lend
If any one person with a claim to their money exercises their right, the inverse pyramid collapses.
If person ‘A’ claims any more than $3 of his money, the inverse pyramid collapses.
In 2007/8 this money pyramid almost collapsed.
And Washington's entire effort since then has been to try desperately to prop it back up.
[Currency in the original post has been changed to dollars for my loyal -- and, for the most part American, readers.]



